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The Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG, German Physical Society) is the world's second largest organization of physicists. The DPG's worldwide membership is cited as 48,000, as of 2014. It holds an annual conference (Jahrestagung) and multiple spring conferences (Frühjahrstagungen), which are held at various locations and along topical subjects of given sections of the DPG.〔(DPG ) – Official Web site〕〔Circa 1918 its membership was about 750 and in the 1930s about 1400. See Hentschel, 1996, Appendix A.〕 The DPG serves the fields of pure and applied physics. Main aims are to bring its members and all physicists living in Germany closer together, represent their entirety outwards as well as foster the exchange of ideas between its members and foreign colleagues. The DPG binds itself and its members to advocate for freedom, tolerance, veracity and dignity in science and to be aware about the fact, that the people working in science are responsible to a particularly high extent for the configuration of the overall human activity. ==Formation and History== The DPG was founded in 1899 to succeed the Physikalische Gesellschaft zu Berlin (Physical Society of Berlin) established 14 January 1845. The six scientists who founded the Physical Society of Berlin were: * Gustav Karsten (1820–1900, physicist), * Wilhelm Heinrich Heintz (1817–1880, chemist), * Karl-Hermann Knoblauch (1820–1895, physicist), * Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke (1819–1892, physiologist), * Emil du Bois-Reymond (1818–1896, physiologist), and * Wilhelm von Beetz (1822–1886, physicist).〔(Photo of the founders )〕 While only three of them were physicists, they were all under 28 years old and students of the physicist Heinrich Gustav Magnus. The purpose of starting the Society was to set themselves apart from the authorities and allow unfettered discussion away from the well-trodden paths.〔Hoffmann, 2005, 294-295.〕 The DPG sees itself as the forum and mouthpiece for physics and is a non-profit organisation that does not pursue financial interests. It supports the sharing of ideas and thoughts within the scientific community, fosters physics teaching and would also like to open a window to physics for all those with a healthy curiosity. The DPG brings together professors, students and teachers, those working in industry and those who are simply interested in physics as such, as well as science journalists and patent agents. At present the DPG counts nine Nobel Prize winners in its ranks. The Society has always had world-famous members, including Albert Einstein, Hermann von Helmholtz and Max Planck as former DPG Presidents for example. The DPG is funded primarily by membership fees. It also receives financial support for its activities from state and national sources, as well as non-profit organisations. The DPG cooperates on a particularly close scale with the Wilhelm and Else Heraeus Foundation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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